A Clock Laser Proposal for Strontium Tweezers Arrays Experiments Towards Quantum Computations

ABSTRACT
Neutral atoms confined in optical dipole traps, commonly referred to as optical tweezers, have attracted significant attention in the fields of quantum simulation and computation. This is attributed to their notable flexibility, relatively long coherence times, and promising scalability when compared to more established physical systems, such as superconducting circuits and trapped ions. This thesis presents a proposal for a clock laser designed to target the 698 nm transition in the bosonic isotope of strontium, ⁸⁸Sr. An overview of the experimental setup, encompassing the apparatus configuration, the generation of optical tweezers, and the laser sequences employed, is provided in the introduction. Following this, the thesis examines mechanisms that facilitate the forbidden clock transition, specifically a two-photon scheme and the magnetic admixture scheme. Additionally, an analytical presentation of the anticipated systematic light shifts is provided, supported by experimental data. The state detection scheme and the associated imaging scheme are presented. The isolation architecture implemented to meet the stringent requirements of the clock laser is described. Subsequently, a concise analytical review of the Pound-Drever-Hall (PDH) and fiber noise cancellation (FNC) techniques is provided. This is followed by a discussion of the optical configuration, the generation of error signals through beating, and the associated feedback loops. Finally, the thesis outlines the potential application of the clock transition as a qubit and discusses future research directions following the implementation of the clock laser. Furthermore, the thesis notes several ongoing projects, such as the assembly and calibration of an improved spectroscopy cell and an external cavity diode laser (ECDL). Additionally, a concept for incorporating machine learning techniques to improve experimental efficiency is presented prior to the conclusion.